Fall crops and end-of-season cleanup — see the fall planting guide by zone

Materials & Buying Guides

Thermally Modified Wood

Thermally modified wood — heat-treated domestic species for rot resistance and outdoor durability.

Thermally modified wood is domestic lumber heat-treated at high temperatures to permanently alter its cellular structure, increasing rot resistance without chemical additives. This category covers how the material works, how the leading brands compare, and where it is used outdoors.

The articles explain the science: wood rots because hemicellulose feeds wood-decay fungi, and thermal modification eliminates that food source. Kebony vs. Thermory sets out the core process difference, with Thermory using pure heat and Kebony combining thermal modification with furfuryl alcohol impregnation. Other guides look at thermally modified wood for gardens, including Accoya in the comparison, ask whether it is safe for raised beds in edible gardens, and compare it with cedar and ipe for outdoor showers.